Obesity
Beyond Sarcopenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on Muscle Outcomes After Bariatric Surgery.
BACKGROUND
Metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) produces substantial and sustained weight loss, but concerns remain about skeletal muscle loss and sarcopenia.
METHODS
We conducted a systematic review of longitudinal and cross-sectional studies evaluating changes in muscle quantity, strength, and physical performance following MBS...
Sarcopenic obesity: Call to action and nutritional agenda from the international clinical nutrition community.
Sarcopenic obesity (SO; defined as obesity with low skeletal muscle function and mass) has been recently recognized as a relevant obesity phenotype, with substantial negative clinical impact. The prevalence of SO is likely increasing, due to the growing prevalence of...
Systemic inflammation and body composition profiles are dependent on ethnicity in colorectal cancer.
INTRODUCTION
Changes in body composition (BC) are associated with outcomes in colorectal cancer (CRC), with adverse features such as sarcopenia, myosteatosis, and excess adiposity linked to the systemic inflammatory response (SIR). Whilst ethnic differences in BC have been identified in healthy...
Association between sarcopenic obesity and worsening physical performance in patients undergoing hemodialysis: The REPnet-HD study.
OBJECTIVE
Sarcopenic obesity, defined by excess fat mass with concurrent sarcopenia, is an emerging public health concern. In patients undergoing hemodialysis, reduced physical performance is associated with poor prognosis. This study aimed to investigate association between sarcopenic obesity and worsening physical...
Muscle Movement and Metabolism: Exercise and Skeletal Muscle as Mediators of Health. A Report from the 26th Annual Harvard Nutrition Obesity Symposium, 2025.
Skeletal muscle is a crucial facilitator of many of the effects of exercise on metabolic health. Intrinsic myocellular mechanisms, exercise-induced myokine secretion, and crosstalk between multiple organ systems contribute to the maintenance of energy homeostasis, cardiovascular health, strength, cognition, and...
High Fat Diet and Obesity Each Increase Tumor Cell Proliferation and Muscle Wasting in Experimental Cancer Cachexia.
High fat diet (HFD) and associated obesity are suggested to predispose to cancer development, complicate cancer treatment, and accelerate mortality. Paradoxically, obese patients with lung cancer are reported to live longer, suggesting that high body mass is protective. Given that...
iCARDIO Alliance Global Implementation Guidelines for the Management of Obesity 2025.
There are a number of guidelines on how to manage obesity, but inconsistencies in healthcare access, varying infrastructure, resource constraints and diverse local practices restrict their global applicability. This underscores the need for universal recommendations that address the unique challenges...
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and muscle strength changes in older adults: Risks beyond muscle mass reductions.
Gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP)/Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists are increasingly prescribed for the management of obesity and type 2 diabetes, yet research pertinent to their effects on muscle health is limited. Considering the central role of muscle strength as a...
Identification of Sarcopenic Obesity by Fat-to-Muscle Ratio in Older Adults: A Cohort Study.
BACKGROUND
The diagnosis of sarcopenic obesity has been established in Europe and Japan, but screening tools remain inconsistent and lack standardization. The fat-to-muscle ratio (FMR) is a potential screening measure for sarcopenic obesity; however, its diagnostic accuracy compared with other tools...
Impact of probiotic, prebiotic, and synbiotic supplementation on the gut microbiome in older adults with sarcopenia, obesity, and sarcopenic obesity.
Gut microbiome plays an important role in several metabolic, immune, and inflammatory pathways; however, there is limited evidence for its role in body composition and musculoskeletal health. Sarcopenia, defined as a loss of skeletal muscle mass and function, and obesity,...
Plant-based protein for older adults with obesity.
The global syndemic of obesity, undernutrition, and climate change - three interconnected challenges - threatens both human and planetary health. This review focuses on one critical intersection: older populations living with overweight and obesity in the context of sustainable nutrition....
Bidirectional transitions of sarcopenia, obesity, and sarcopenic obesity: Transitional patterns in older adults from the CHARLS study.
Underweight and Mortality in Type 2 Diabetes: A Nationwide Retrospective Cohort Study.
BACKGROUND
Being underweight is an underrecognized risk factor for mortality among individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D). This study aimed to evaluate the associations of underweight status with mortality among individuals with T2D.
METHODS
This nationwide, retrospective, population-based cohort study used data from...
Accelerometer-Determined Physical Activity and Sarcopenic Obesity Risk in Older European Men and Women.
BACKGROUND
Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is characterized by the presence of both obesity and sarcopenia and is related to disability and loss of independence in older adults. The extent to which time spent in light physical activity (LPA), or moderate-to-vigorous physical activity...
Sarcopenic Obesity Phenotype Index (SOPi): A Population-Based Study.
BACKGROUND
Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is a clinical condition defined by the coexistence of high body fat mass and low muscle function and mass, which increases the risk of adverse health outcomes, including disability and mortality. Early detection and frequent monitoring of...
