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Cachexia

From Molecular Insights to Clinical Strategies: Delve into the complexities of cachexia, encompassing cancer cachexia, molecular mechanisms, and evolving therapeutic approaches. Discover the forefront of research aimed at understanding and combating this debilitating condition.

AllAgeingCachexiaCancer CachexiaClinical TrialsExerciseFrailtyFrom the literatureGuidelinesMuscleNutritionOther SCWD EventsSarcopenia

Reduced temporal muscle thickness predicts shorter survival in patients undergoing chronic subdural haematoma drainage.

Chronic subdural haematoma (CSDH) drainage is a common neurosurgical procedure. CSDHs cause excess mortality, which is exacerbated by frailty. Sarcopenia contributes to frailty - its key component, low muscle mass, can be assessed using cross-sectional imaging. We aimed to examine...

🗓️ 2024-05-08
📰 Publication: Journal Of Cachexia Sarcopenia And Muscle
Read MoreReduced temporal muscle thickness predicts shorter survival in patients undergoing chronic subdural haematoma drainage.

Roles of programmed death-1 and muscle innate lymphoid cell-derived interleukin 13 in sepsis-induced intensive care unit-acquired weakness.

Intensive care unit-acquired weakness (ICU-AW) is a syndrome characterized by a long-term muscle weakness often observed in sepsis-surviving patients during the chronic phase. Although ICU-AW is independently associated with increased mortality, effective therapies have yet to be established. Programmed death-1...

🗓️ 2024-07-17
📰 Publication: Journal Of Cachexia Sarcopenia And Muscle
Read MoreRoles of programmed death-1 and muscle innate lymphoid cell-derived interleukin 13 in sepsis-induced intensive care unit-acquired weakness.

Physical frailty, genetic predisposition, and incident arrhythmias.

Cross-sectional evidence suggests a possible link between frailty and atrial fibrillation (AF). It remains unclear whether frailty and incident arrhythmias are longitudinally associated. This study aimed to determine whether the frailty phenotype is longitudinally associated with incident arrhythmias, especially AF....

🗓️ 2024-06-09
📰 Publication: Journal Of Cachexia Sarcopenia And Muscle
Read MorePhysical frailty, genetic predisposition, and incident arrhythmias.

Adiponectin-to-leptin ratio and incident chronic kidney disease: Sex and body composition-dependent association.

The association between the adiponectin-to-leptin ratio (A/L ratio) and the risk of incident chronic kidney disease (CKD) is poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the association between A/L ratio and the risk of incident CKD and to examine whether...

🗓️ 2024-04-17
📰 Publication: Journal Of Cachexia Sarcopenia And Muscle
Read MoreAdiponectin-to-leptin ratio and incident chronic kidney disease: Sex and body composition-dependent association.

Telerehabilitation improves cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness and body composition in older people with post-COVID-19 syndrome.

The effects of post-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) syndrome on the cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness in older people are of utmost relevance. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a 12-week telerehabilitation programme on cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness and body...

🗓️ 2024-06-27
📰 Publication: Journal Of Cachexia Sarcopenia And Muscle
Read MoreTelerehabilitation improves cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness and body composition in older people with post-COVID-19 syndrome.

Cross-sectional interactive associations of physical activity and sedentary behaviour with physical capacity across adulthood.

The way physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (SB) independently and interactively modify the age-related decline in physical capacity remains poorly understood. This cross-sectional study investigated the independent and interactive associations of PA and SB with physical function and performance...

🗓️ 2024-04-18
📰 Publication: Journal Of Cachexia Sarcopenia And Muscle
Read MoreCross-sectional interactive associations of physical activity and sedentary behaviour with physical capacity across adulthood.

Plasma C-terminal agrin fragment concentrations across adulthood: Reference values and associations with skeletal muscle health.

Increasing interest surrounds the utility of blood-based biomarkers for diagnosing sarcopenia. C-terminal agrin fragment (CAF), a marker of neuromuscular junction stability, is amongst the most promising candidates; however, a dearth of reference data impedes the incorporation of its use in...

🗓️ 2024-06-07
📰 Publication: Journal Of Cachexia Sarcopenia And Muscle
Read MorePlasma C-terminal agrin fragment concentrations across adulthood: Reference values and associations with skeletal muscle health.

Mitochondrial bioenergetics are not associated with myofibrillar protein synthesis rates.

Mitochondria represent key organelles influencing cellular homeostasis and have been implicated in the signalling events regulating protein synthesis. We examined whether mitochondrial bioenergetics (oxidative phosphorylation and reactive oxygen species (HO) emission, ROS) measured in vitro in permeabilized muscle fibres represent...

🗓️ 2024-07-15
📰 Publication: Journal Of Cachexia Sarcopenia And Muscle
Read MoreMitochondrial bioenergetics are not associated with myofibrillar protein synthesis rates.

Association between preoperative phase angle and all-cause mortality after cardiovascular surgery: A retrospective cohort study.

The importance of preoperative physical function assessment for post-operative intervention has been reported in older patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery. Phase angle (PhA), measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis, is an indicator of cellular health and integrity and is reported as a...

🗓️ 2024-06-10
📰 Publication: Journal Of Cachexia Sarcopenia And Muscle
Read MoreAssociation between preoperative phase angle and all-cause mortality after cardiovascular surgery: A retrospective cohort study.

Accelerated sarcopenia precedes learning and memory impairments in the P301S mouse model of tauopathies and Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) impairs cognitive functions and peripheral systems, including skeletal muscles. The PS19 mouse, expressing the human tau P301S mutation, shows cognitive and muscular pathologies, reflecting the central and peripheral atrophy seen in AD. We analysed skeletal muscle morphology...

🗓️ 2024-04-22
📰 Publication: Journal Of Cachexia Sarcopenia And Muscle
Read MoreAccelerated sarcopenia precedes learning and memory impairments in the P301S mouse model of tauopathies and Alzheimer's disease.

Lean body mass and the cardiorespiratory phenotype: An ethnic-specific relationship in Hans Chinese women and men.

Lean body mass (LBM) and the functional capacity of cardiovascular (CV) and respiratory systems constitute a female-specific relationship in European-American individuals. Whether this recent finding be extrapolated to the world's largest ethnic group, that is, Hans Chinese (HC, a population...

🗓️ 2024-04-17
📰 Publication: Journal Of Cachexia Sarcopenia And Muscle
Read MoreLean body mass and the cardiorespiratory phenotype: An ethnic-specific relationship in Hans Chinese women and men.

Exploring the optimal indicator of short-term peridiagnosis weight dynamics to predict cancer survival: A multicentre cohort study.

Body weight and its changes have been associated with cancer outcomes. However, the associations of short-term peridiagnosis weight dynamics in standardized, clinically operational time frames with cancer survival remain largely unknown. This study aimed to screen for and evaluate the...

🗓️ 2024-04-21
📰 Publication: Journal Of Cachexia Sarcopenia And Muscle
Read MoreExploring the optimal indicator of short-term peridiagnosis weight dynamics to predict cancer survival: A multicentre cohort study.

KLF13 restrains Dll4-muscular Notch2 axis to improve the muscle atrophy.

Muscle atrophy can cause muscle dysfunction and weakness. Krüppel-like factor 13 (KLF13), a central regulator of cellular energy metabolism, is highly expressed in skeletal muscles and implicated in the pathogenesis of several diseases. This study investigated the role of KLF13...

🗓️ 2024-07-08
📰 Publication: Journal Of Cachexia Sarcopenia And Muscle
Read MoreKLF13 restrains Dll4-muscular Notch2 axis to improve the muscle atrophy.

Low skeletal muscle mass and treatment outcomes among adults with haematologic malignancies: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Low skeletal muscle mass (LSMM) and/or, function associated with an increased risk of treatment-related toxicities and inferior overall survival (OS) among adults with solid malignancies. However, the association between LSMM and treatment-related toxicities among adults with haematologic malignancies remains unclear....

🗓️ 2024-04-01
📰 Publication: Journal Of Cachexia Sarcopenia And Muscle
Read MoreLow skeletal muscle mass and treatment outcomes among adults with haematologic malignancies: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Free essential amino acid feeding improves endurance during resistance training via DRP1-dependent mitochondrial remodelling.

Loss of muscle strength and endurance with aging or in various conditions negatively affects quality of life. Resistance exercise training (RET) is the most powerful means to improve muscle mass and strength, but it does not generally lead to improvements...

🗓️ 2024-06-16
📰 Publication: Journal Of Cachexia Sarcopenia And Muscle
Read MoreFree essential amino acid feeding improves endurance during resistance training via DRP1-dependent mitochondrial remodelling.

Co-morbid sarcopenia and low bone mineral density in young paediatric cancer survivors.

Sarcopenia and low areal bone mineral density (aBMD) are prevalent musculoskeletal complications after paediatric cancer treatment. However, their relationship has not been examined in young paediatric cancers survivors. This study aimed to evaluate aBMD differences according to sarcopenia status and...

🗓️ 2024-08-20
📰 Publication: Journal Of Cachexia Sarcopenia And Muscle
Read MoreCo-morbid sarcopenia and low bone mineral density in young paediatric cancer survivors.

CACHEXIA DEFINITION

Cachexia has been defined as a loss of lean tissue mass, involving a weight loss greater than 5% of body weight in 12 months or less in the presence of chronic illness or as a body mass index (BMI) lower than 20 kg/m2. In addition, usually three of the following five criteria are required: decreased muscle strength, fatigue, anorexia, low fat-free mass index, increase of inflammation markers such as C-reactive protein or interleukin (IL)-6 as well as anaemia or low serum albumin.

Cachexia can occur in most major diseases including infections, cancer, heart disease, chronic kidney disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and stroke.

REFERENCES
Evans WJ, Morley JE, Argiles J, Bales C, Baracos V, Guttridge D, et al. Cachexia: a new definition. Clin Nutr 2008;27:793–799

Fearon K, Strasser F, Anker SD, Bosaeus I, Bruera E, Fainsinger RL, Jatoi A, Loprinzi C, MacDonald N, Mantovani G, Davis M, Muscaritoli M, Ottery F, Radbruch L, Ravasco P, Walsh D, Wilcock A, Kaasa S, Baracos VE. Definition and classification of cancer cachexia: an international consensus. Lancet Oncol 2011;12:489–495.

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