From Molecular Insights to Clinical Strategies: Delve into the complexities of cachexia, encompassing cancer cachexia, molecular mechanisms, and evolving therapeutic approaches. Discover the forefront of research aimed at understanding and combating this debilitating condition.
The CTNS gene mutation causes infantile nephropathic cystinosis (INC). Patients with INC develop Fanconi syndrome and chronic kidney disease (CKD) with significant bone deformations. C57BL/6 Ctns mice are an animal model for studying INC. Hyperleptinaemia results from the kidney's inability...
๐๏ธ 2024-08-29
๐ฐ Publication: Journal Of Cachexia Sarcopenia And Muscle
Excess muscle fat is observed in obesity and associated with greater burden of cardiovascular risk factors and higher risk of mortality. Liraglutide reduces total body weight and visceral fat but its effect on muscle fat and adverse muscle composition is...
๐๏ธ 2024-04-01
๐ฐ Publication: Journal Of Cachexia Sarcopenia And Muscle
Sarcopenia has been associated with adverse health outcomes, including cognitive dysfunction. However, its specific interrelationship with neurocognitive disorders such as mild cognitive impairment (MCI), Alzheimer's disease (AD) or other types of dementia has not been thoroughly explored. This meta-analysis aims...
๐๏ธ 2024-05-07
๐ฐ Publication: Journal Of Cachexia Sarcopenia And Muscle
Accurate preoperative risk assessment for major colorectal cancer (CRC) surgery remains challenging. Body composition (BC) and cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) can be used to evaluate risk. The relationship between BC and CPET in patients undergoing curative CRC surgery is unclear....
๐๏ธ 2024-06-26
๐ฐ Publication: Journal Of Cachexia Sarcopenia And Muscle
Telomere attrition may share common biological mechanisms with bone and muscle loss with aging. Here, we investigated the association between these hallmarks of aging using data from UK Biobank, a large observational study. Leukocyte telomere length (LTL as T/S ratio)...
๐๏ธ 2024-03-29
๐ฐ Publication: Journal Of Cachexia Sarcopenia And Muscle
Regaining walking ability is a key target in geriatric rehabilitation. This study evaluated the prevalence of walking ability at (pre-)admission and related clinical characteristics in a cohort of geriatric rehabilitation inpatients; in inpatients without walking ability, feasibility and effectiveness of...
๐๏ธ 2024-09-05
๐ฐ Publication: Journal Of Cachexia Sarcopenia And Muscle
Sarcopenia is an age-related progressive loss of muscle mass and function. Sarcopenia is a multifactorial disorder, including metabolic disturbance; therefore, metabolites may be used as circulating biomarkers for sarcopenia. We aimed to investigate potential biomarkers of sarcopenia using metabolomics. After...
๐๏ธ 2024-09-04
๐ฐ Publication: Journal Of Cachexia Sarcopenia And Muscle
Idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM) is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by skeletal muscle involvement. This study aimed to investigate the role of adenosine receptor signalling pathways in the development of experimental autoimmune myositis (EAM). An ecto-5'-nucleotidase (CD73) inhibitor, adenosine receptor...
๐๏ธ 2024-09-16
๐ฐ Publication: Journal Of Cachexia Sarcopenia And Muscle
Sedentary behaviour and physical inactivity are independent risk factors for sarcopenia for long-term care facility residents. Understanding the components, mechanisms and context of interventions that target change in these risk factors can help optimize sarcopenia management approaches. This study aimed...
๐๏ธ 2024-09-18
๐ฐ Publication: Journal Of Cachexia Sarcopenia And Muscle
The primary objective of this study was to assess the frequency of body composition increases and their relationships to changes in body weight in two cohorts of real world, treatment-naรฏve, advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. One cohort received...
๐๏ธ 2024-09-17
๐ฐ Publication: Journal Of Cachexia Sarcopenia And Muscle
The optimal exercise regimen for alleviating sarcopenia remains uncertain. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) over moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) in ameliorating sarcopenia. We conducted a randomized crossover trial to evaluate plasma proteomic reactions...
๐๏ธ 2024-09-14
๐ฐ Publication: Journal Of Cachexia Sarcopenia And Muscle
The effects of lipid-lowering drugs [including statins, ezetimibe, and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors] on hyperlipidaemia have been established. Some may have treatment effects beyond their reported properties, offering potential opportunities for drug repurposing. Epidemiological studies have reported...
๐๏ธ 2024-09-10
๐ฐ Publication: Journal Of Cachexia Sarcopenia And Muscle
Ageing is a complex multifactorial process, impacting all organs and tissues, with DNA damage accumulation serving as a common underlying cause. To decelerate ageing, various strategies have been applied to model organisms and evaluated for health and lifespan benefits. Dietary...
๐๏ธ 2024-09-08
๐ฐ Publication: Journal Of Cachexia Sarcopenia And Muscle
Skeletal muscle is a highly adaptable tissue, finely tuned by various physiological and pathological factors. Whilst the pivotal role of skeletal muscle in overall health is widely acknowledged, unravelling the underlying molecular mechanisms poses ongoing challenges. Protein ubiquitylation, a crucial...
๐๏ธ 2024-09-16
๐ฐ Publication: Journal Of Cachexia Sarcopenia And Muscle
Most patients with advanced cancer develop cachexia, a multifactorial syndrome characterized by progressive skeletal muscle wasting. Despite its catastrophic impact on survival, the critical mediators responsible for cancer cachexia development remain poorly defined. Here, we show that a distinct subset...
Cachexia is a common complication of cancer and is associated with an increased risk of death. The level of growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15), a circulating cytokine, is elevated in cancer cachexia. In a small, open-label, phase 1b study involving...
Cachexia has been defined as a loss of lean tissue mass, involving a weight loss greater than 5% of body weight in 12โmonths or less in the presence of chronic illness or as a body mass index (BMI) lower than 20โkg/m2. In addition, usually three of the following five criteria are required: decreased muscle strength, fatigue, anorexia, low fat-free mass index, increase of inflammation markers such as C-reactive protein or interleukin (IL)-6 as well as anaemia or low serum albumin.
Cachexia can occur in most major diseases including infections, cancer, heart disease, chronic kidney disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and stroke.
REFERENCES
Evans WJ, Morley JE, Argiles J, Bales C, Baracos V, Guttridge D, et al. Cachexia: a new definition. Clin Nutr 2008;27:793โ799
Fearon K, Strasser F, Anker SD, Bosaeus I, Bruera E, Fainsinger RL, Jatoi A, Loprinzi C, MacDonald N, Mantovani G, Davis M, Muscaritoli M, Ottery F, Radbruch L, Ravasco P, Walsh D, Wilcock A, Kaasa S, Baracos VE. Definition and classification of cancer cachexia: an international consensus. Lancet Oncol 2011;12:489โ495.
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