neoplasms
Tumor intrinsic properties dictate Fc receptor expression and cancer cachexia associated increase in checkpoint inhibitor clearance.
PURPOSE
Patients with cancer cachexia display a general resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy, and baseline ICI catabolic clearance is a predictive indicator for overall survival, independent of dose and drug exposure. Fc-gamma (FcγRs) and neonatal Fc receptors (FcRn) play...
Association of nutrition impact symptoms with dietary intake among patients with advanced cancer referred to palliative care.
BACKGROUND & AIMS
Considering that cachexia-related symptoms interfere with dietary intake and compromise nutritional status in advanced cancer patients, these symptoms are classified as nutrition impact symptoms (NISs). However, the extent to which each NIS interferes with dietary intake remains unclear....
Changes in Frailty and Incident Cancer: Evidence From the Health and Retirement Study.
BACKGROUND
Although frailty has been identified as a potential risk factor for cancer, most previous studies have only considered frailty status at a single time point. The relationship between dynamic changes in frailty and incident cancer is less well understood. This...
Concurrent PIK3CA mutant promotes cachexia through inflammatory signaling in EGFR mutant lung cancer.
PIK3CA mutation is frequently concurrent with known oncogenic drivers such as EGFR mutation in lung cancer, raising an interesting question about its real function. Cachexia is a systemic disease arising from tumor-organ crosstalk, significantly contributing to cancer-related mortality. Through integrative...
CXCL5 neutralization mitigates cancer cachexia by disrupting CAF-cancer cell crosstalk.
BACKGROUND
Advanced metastasis produces cachexia, a complex skeletal muscle wasting syndrome that accounts for one-third of patient deaths. There is currently no approved drug therapy for cancer cachexia. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) within tumors have been hypothesized to contribute to cachexia, but...
From Symptom to Outcome: Defining Clinically Meaningful Patient-Reported Appetite Loss in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer.
BACKGROUND
Appetite loss is a common and distressing symptom in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), driven by both treatment side effects and disease progression. It often leads to unintended weight loss and cancer cachexia, significantly impairing patients' quality of life and survival....
Myostatin, activin-A and follistatin are produced by the tumor in head and neck cancer and likely contribute to sarcopenia: a case-control, cross-sectional exploratory study.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Myostatin (M), activin-A (A) and follistatin (F), three TGF-β superfamily members, play a role in cancer sarcopenia. The aim of our study was to assess the association of MAF in head and neck cancer (HNC) skeletal muscle loss.
MATERIALS...
Evaluation of Weight Gain and Overall Survival of Men Versus Women With Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.
BACKGROUND
Weight stabilization or gain during cancer treatment is associated with increased survival. Analyses of weight gain by sex during cancer treatment and the effects of weight on survival have not been fully studied. This post hoc analysis retrospectively examined the...
Exploring the potential of ginseng-derived compounds in treating cancer cachexia.
Cancer cachexia is a complex wasting syndrome characterized by significant loss of body weight and muscle mass in patients with advanced cancer. The disease is associated with increased systemic inflammation, altered neurohormonal signaling, and, in particular, an increased catabolic rate...
Revisiting Cancer Cachexia Staging: Introducing an "At Risk" Category Based on AWGC Components.
Cancer cachexia is a multifactorial syndrome characterized by progressive weight loss, muscle wasting, and systemic inflammation. Early identification of individuals at risk for cachexia is essential for timely intervention, yet a universally accepted definition of the "at risk" stage remains...
Pathways Contributing to Chemotherapy-Induced Myotoxicity Are Attenuated by EPA + DHA in a Clinically Relevant Model of Colorectal Cancer.
BACKGROUND
Skeletal muscle loss is a well-recognized consequence of cancer, and chemotherapy exacerbates myotoxicity through multiple mechanisms. Retaining muscle mass improves tumour response to therapies and tolerance to chemotherapy; hence, interventions to mitigate myotoxicity warrant investigations. This study aimed to investigate...
Impaired cAMP-PKA-CREB1 signalling drives mitochondrial dysfunction in skeletal muscle during cancer cachexia.
Skeletal muscle wasting is a defining feature of cancer cachexia, a multifactorial syndrome that drastically compromises patient quality of life and treatment outcomes. Mitochondrial dysfunction is a major contributor to skeletal muscle wasting in cancer cachexia, yet the upstream molecular...
Primary-Stage Colon Cancer Impairs Muscle Energy Metabolism by Suppressing Mitochondrial Complex I Activity.
BACKGROUND
Colon cancer (CC), the third most common cancer worldwide, is accompanied by cachexia in 30% of patients. Its associated muscle loss directly impairs therapeutic response and survival. Early intervention is crucial, yet the underlying mechanisms of early-stage muscle dysfunction remain...
Reframing cancer cachexia: the vagal brain-liver axis as a novel neuro-metabolic target.
Advancements of investigational agents for cancer cachexia: what clinical progress have we seen in the last 5 years?
INTRODUCTION
Cancer cachexia is a multifactorial syndrome affecting up to 80% of advanced cancer patients, associated with poor quality of life, increased cancer-treatment toxicity, and reduced survival. Despite its clinical burden, no FDA- or EMA-approved pharmacologic therapies currently exist.
AREAS COVERED
This review...
